Course Outline of Record

Item	Value
Top Code	122700 - Diagnostic Medical Sonography
Units	3.5 Total Units
Hours	81 Total Hours (Lecture Hours 54; Lab Hours 27)
Total Outside of Class Hours	0
Course Credit Status	Credit: Degree Applicable (D)
Material Fee	Yes
Basic Skills	Not Basic Skills (N)
Repeatable	No
Open Entry/Open Exit	No
Grading Policy	Standard Letter (S)

Course Description

This is the study of physical principles and instrumentation of diagnostic medical sonography. It includes equipment design, instrumentation and application. PREREQUISITE: RADT A100. Transfer Credit: CSU.

Course Level Student Learning Outcome(s)

1. Create and describe sonographic images that are based upon the principles of physics and instrumentation and apply safety and bio-effects of ultrasound.

Course Objectives

• 1. Discuss sound waves and pulse creation, from transducer to biologic tissue.
• 2. Describe interaction of sound and media.
• 3. Analyze maintenance of equipment, trouble shooting, and quality control.
• 4. Apply principles of scientific notation, conversion, logarithms and decibels.
• 5. Discuss sonographers and principles of bioethics in the clinical environment.
• 6. Select correct transducers to scan particular organs and regions of the body.
• 7. Identify artifacts which occur while scanning.
• 8. Analyze safety and bioeffects of ultrasound on patients.
• 9. Discuss hemodynamics, laminar and turbulent blood flow patterns and hydrostatic pressure.
• 10. Describe and apply principles of color, pulsed wave and continuous wave Doppler.
• 11. Identify and describe the components of the pulse-echo ultrasound system and their functions.

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Lecture Content

Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being performed Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view

Lab Content

Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned Use endocavity transducers Use linear array transducers Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being performed Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Use digital image storage Obtain measurements of anatomic structures Doppler instrumentation and hemodynamics Adjust color angle to flow Adjust color gain Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned Use endocavity transducers Use linear array transducers Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus

Method(s) of Instruction

• Lecture (02)
• DE Live Online Lecture (02S)
• Lab (04)
• DE Live Online Lab (04S)

Instructional Techniques

Adjust display depth based on exam being performed Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Use digital image storage

Reading Assignments

Obtain measurements of anatomic structures Doppler instrumentation and hemodynamics Adjust color angle to flow Adjust color gain Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers

Writing Assignments

Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Use digital image storage Obtain measurements of anatomic structures Doppler instrumentation and hemodynamics Adjust color angle to flow Adjust color gain Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned Use endocavity transducers Use linear array transducers Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being performed Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Use digital image storage Obtain measurements of anatomic structures Doppler instrumentation and hemodynamics < p class="Default Adjust color angle to flow Adjust color gain Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use er gonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned < /tr> Use endocavity transducers Use linear array transducers Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation 35% Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being performed Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Use digital image storage Obtain measurements of anatomic structures Doppler instrumentation and hemodynamics 35% Adjust color angle to flow tyle="font-family: Calibri; Adjust color gain Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety 4% Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles 10% Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers 7% Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned Use endocavity transducers

Out-of-class Assignments

Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned Use endocavity transducers Use linear array transducers Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being performed

Demonstration of Critical Thinking

Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation 35% Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being perf Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety 4% Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system Physical principles 10% Select equipment parameters to optimize axial resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize lateral resolution Select equipment parameters to optimize temporal resolution Use knowledge of reflectors to modify scanning technique Ultrasound transducers 7% Choose a specific transducer type based on the area being scanned Manually adjust transducer frequency based on the area being scanned Use endocavity transducers Use linear array transducers Use phased array transducers Use a curvilinear array transducer Pulsed echo instrumentation 35% Adjust dynamic range Adjust edge enhancement Adjust overall gain Adjust persistence Adjust depth of focus Adjust display depth based on exam being performed Adjust gray-scale maps Adjust time gain compensation Change the number of focal zones during the exam Use coded excitation Use extended field of view Use frequency compounding Use harmonic imaging Use spatial compounding Modify the exam based on gray-scale artifacts Record digital video clips Record images on a department-wide picture archive and communication (PACS) system Use digital image storage Obtain measurements of anatomic structures Doppler instrumentation and hemodynamics 35% Adjust color angle to flow Adjust color gain Sonography Physics and Instrumentation (SPI)Tasks Clinical safety 4% Decrease output power when appropriate Modify the exam based on the displayed mechanical index Modify the exam based on the displayed thermal index Adjust the default presets based on the clinical environment Practice ALARA principles Use ergonomic techniques while scanning Use ergonomic devices to assist with scanning Provide ergonomic education/training Clean and disinfect transducers in accordance to manufacturer's guidelines Routinely perform basic cleaning (e.g. cleaning filters) of the ultrasound system

Eligible Disciplines

Diagnostic medical technology-diagnostic medical sonography, neurodiagnosti...: Any bachelor's degree and two years of professional experience, or any associate degree and six years of professional experience.