Course Outline of Record

Item	Value
Curriculum Committee Approval Date	12/08/2021
Top Code	020100 - Architecture and Architectural Technology
Units	3 Total Units
Hours	54 Total Hours (Lecture Hours 54)
Total Outside of Class Hours	0
Course Credit Status	Credit: Degree Applicable (D)
Material Fee	No
Basic Skills	Not Basic Skills (N)
Repeatable	No
Grading Policy	Standard Letter (S)
Associate Arts Local General Education (GE)	OC Humanities - AA (OC1)
Associate Science Local General Education (GE)	OCC Arts - AS (OSC1)
California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC)	Cal-GETC 3A Arts (3A)
Intersegmental General Education Transfer Curriculum (IGETC)	IGETC 3A Arts (3A)
California State University General Education Breadth (CSU GE-Breadth)	CSU C1 Arts (C1)

Course Description

The class is an introductory study of the development of architecture and urban environments from primitive shelters through the Early Baroque. The lectures and presentations focus on environments, architects, people of influence, and architectural movements of significance. Emphasis is placed on socio-political, economic, technological, and cultural influences in the evolution of architectural history. Enrollment Limitation: ARCH A290; students who complete ARCH A290H may not enroll in or receive credit for ARCH A290. Transfer Credit: CSU; UC: Credit Limitation: ARCH A290 and ARCH A296 combined: or ARCH A290 and ARCH A296H combined; or ARCH A290H and ARCH A296; or ARCH A290H and ARCH A296H combined: maximum credit, one course.

Course Level Student Learning Outcome(s)

1. Identify, Analyze, Compare and Evaluate works of architecture.
2. Discuss works of architecture in the context of their contemporary technologies and culture.
3. Develop a specialized vocabulary for the discussion of architectural concepts and principles.
4. Honors students will be able to demonstrate the above outcomes in an expanded written and verbal research paper at a higher standard and be able to integrate the information to assert how an architecture style is a reaction and expression of human development to be assessed by the instructor.

Course Objectives

• 1. Analyze, classify and contrast and compare works of architecture.
• 2. Explain technological, philosophical, and ornamental features of distinct architectural styles.
• 3. Evaluate political, social, economic, and technological advances which produce a particular style.
• 4. Apply principles of historical architecture and recognize their applications in contemporary architecture.
• 5. Employ critical analysis of architecture to assess the style.
• 6. Record and list the sequential architectural styles and compare their development with human development.
• 7. Measure the impact of individual architectural styles on the development of new forms of architecture.
• 8. Develop and build an architectural vocabulary based on principles to interpret, recognize, and appraise a work of architecture.

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Lecture Content

Introduction/Neolithic/NomadicsOutline the course content and describe the philosophy of how the architecture is explained and its evolution. Each “style” is explained within the periods cultural, economic, and political context.  The style is analyzed according to building form, construction techniques and developments, philosophy of period design, type of ornamentation, architectural definitions pertinent to the period, and a “case study” building.  A method of observing, critiquing,  and analyzing architecture is presented.  The student is taught to look at a structures form, solid and cavities, rhythm, structural methods, decorative techniques, and its place in architectural evolution.  Early temporary shelters.  Spiritual structures as the first permanent architecture.  Dolmen, Caves of Lascaux, Stonehenge.  Mesopotamia The urban Revolution in the Fertile Crescent and the first cities: Jericho, Sumer, and Assyria.  Development of the ziggurat temple and complex.  Temple of Ur-Nammu, Isthar Gate, Babylon, and Ninevah. Egypt“The Architecture of the Dead.”  Pyramids of the Old Kingdom.  Temples of the New Kingdom. First large cut stone architecture.  Zosers burial complex, first recorded architect, Giza, Hatchetsups Temple, Temples of Karnak, and the great projects of Rameses II. Minoan/Mycenaean Foundations of Greek architecture.  Administration centers of the Minoans.  Palace at Knossos.  Hittite influence upon the Mycenaean.  City of Troy, Mycenae, and Treasury of Atreus.  The megeron plan and its evolution toward Greek temple architecture. Greece “Birth of Western Architecture.”  Evolution of Greek temple desig n.  Religious symbolism in temple design.  A system of design.  Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian order.  Development of an architectural vocabulary.  Acropolis of Athens, Parthenon, Erectheum, and the temple complex at Paestum.  Secular Greek architecture.  Theatres, stoa, and agora.  Hellenic Period–late development and exportation.  Architecture of the Persian Empire and the ceremonial city of Persopolis. Roman Engineering achievements of the Romans.  The arch, dome, and concrete.  Public works projects of bath houses, aqueducts, roads, bridges, and sports arenas.  Pantheon, Coliseum, Baths of Caracalla, Roman Basilicas. Byzantine/Early Christian/Islam Religious architecture of East and Western Roman Empire.  Byzantine churches and regional differences.  Continued use of the dome and the development of the pendentive.  Western Christian churches and the adoption of the basilica plan as a preferred floor plan.  Experiments in circular plans.  The mosque as an architecture for a “new” belief.  Hagia Sophia, St. Basils, St. Marks in Venice, Old St. Peters, and San Vitae. Carolinian/Romanesque The beginnings of the great cathedrals in Western Europe.  Reintroduction of Roman masonry technique.  Architectural vocabulary of Western European cathedrals.  Development of styles according to region.  Development of monasteries.  Charlemagnes Chapel, Cathedral of Worms, Baptistery of Florence, Pisa, St. Etienne. Gothic A “total architecture” combining a philosophy, aesthetics, and new technology.  St. Denis, Abbot Sugar, and the development of the French Style.  The pointed arch and advantages of the flying buttress.  Continued individual styles according to political an d geographical situations.  Urban expansion in Europe and growth of secular architecture.  Rheims, Amiens, Cologne, Sienna, and Salisbury. Asia/Africa Hindu and Buddhist influence in Indian and SE Asian temple architecture.  Chinese and Japanese timber architecture.  Chinese spiritual and governmental influence toward design.  Pre-Columbian–Anazazi, Toltec, Mayan, Aztec, and Inca.  Pyramid temples of the Mayan, Toltec, and Aztec.  Public works of the Inca.  Great Wall.  Forbidden City, Karli Cave Temple, Sanchi, Ankor Watt, Tikal, Teochititlan. Early Renaissance Florence and Rome during the Renaissance.  Development of Brunelleschis Dome.  Reintroduction of Classical rules and the development of Classical mannerisms.  Development of St. Peters in Rome and its architectural evolution.  The Renaissance palazzo.  Cathedral of Florence, Foundling Hospital, St. Peters, Tempietto, Palazzo Stozzi. Late Renaissance and Italian BaroqueInfluence of the Italian Renaissance thought and development upon the architecture of Northern Europe.  Beginnings of Baroque architecture in Italy.  Jesuit Counter-Reformation churches.  Palladio and the Villa Rotunda.  Bernini and Borromini.  San Carlo alle Quattro Fontana, Piazza of St. Peters, Pope Sixtus V, and Roman urban renewal. Northern European Baroque Spread of the Italian Baroque to England, France, Austria, and Germany.  Churches of the Reformation.  Inigo Jones and the Banqueting House, Christopher Wren, and St. Pauls in England.  Climatic and cultural influences upon the Baroque style in Northern Europe.  Chateaus of France.  The Louvre in Paris.

Method(s) of Instruction

• Lecture (02)
• DE Live Online Lecture (02S)
• DE Online Lecture (02X)

Instructional Techniques

Class Lecture/discussion (live, or recorded with discussion thread) Related assignments (reading, quizzes, film reports) Individual and class instructor feedback on discussions and assignments. Semester research report assignment supported by discussions on research and writing.

Reading Assignments

Weekly textbook reading that supports the weekly lectures. A series of supplementary readings and oral presentations, followed by class discussion.

Writing Assignments

Exams are given with supplemental essays in which students are asked to evaluate and compare architectural works. One semester-long research paper requiring bibliography and citations. A written seminar presentation.

Out-of-class Assignments

One semester-long research paper requiring bibliography and citations. This is supported with tutorial and instructions on using OCC Library electronic resources. A series of supplementary readings and oral presentations, followed by class discussion. Research and development of a seminar presentation

Demonstration of Critical Thinking

Honors students will be expected to demonstrate additional critical thinking skills by developing an expanded architectural vocabulary, analyzing cause and effect of philosophical and human developments on architecture and stylistic movements in architecture.

Required Writing, Problem Solving, Skills Demonstration

Exams are given with supplemental essays in which students are asked to evaluate and compare architectural styles and demonstrate architectural vocabulary.  Honors Architectural History culminates in a class seminar - students present research (written and oral) on architectural topics of interest.

Textbooks Resources

1. Required Jarzombek, M., Vikramaditya Prakash, Francis D.K. Ching. A Global History of Architecture. , latest ed. London: Wiley, 2017